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    September 21

    压克力与有机玻璃

    http://www.tch.cn/acrylic-intro3.htm

    有机玻璃压克力(亚克力)是英文Acrylic的音译,是丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸类化学物品的总称,人们常说的压克力板就是聚甲基丙烯甲酯(PMMA)板材,它是由甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体(MMA)聚合而成。
    有机玻璃压克力(亚克力)简史早在本世纪20年代,罗门哈新公司最早发明了用MMA聚合成压克力板的方法,这种板材後来被称作“Oroglas/Plexiglas”。但是,这家公司没能找到比较经济的生产MMA的工艺路线,因而压克力板当时也没能被普及应用。
     1931年ICI公司的科学家发明了生产MMA的丙酮氰醇法,这种方法大大降低了MMA的成本,使压克力板得以普及化。与此同时,ICI公司也成功地开发了压克力板用於战斗机的座舱顶罩等领域,随後ICI公司在英国建造了世界上最大的压克力板厂。
    压克力与有机玻璃
    “有机玻璃”源自商品名“Oroglas”,意为“Organic Glass”(即有机玻璃)。如前所述,“Oroglas”其就是一种PMMA板材,即压克力板。 内有些人认为透明的塑料板就是有机玻璃,为避免混淆和误 ,现在大多把PMMA板材称作压克力板,而把各种PMMA材料笼 地称为压克力或亚克力。
     有机玻璃压克力板(亚克力板)的种
    压克力板(亚克力板)按聚合工分为浇铸板(Cast Sheet)和挤出板(Extruded Sheet),其中浇铸板分子量较高,更具刚性,更抗裂,因此比较适合於加工大尺寸标牌。此外,浇铸工 更适合生产小批量不同颜色的板材。而挤出板分子量较低,柔性高,适合於真空吸塑成型。挤出工 能更好控制板材厚度,生产大批量单色板较为 。
     有机玻璃压克力板按透光度又可以分为纯透明板, 色透明板,半透明板(如乳白板)和不透明板(如彩色板);按表面光泽,则可分为高光板,丝光板和消光板(也称磨砂板);按照特性,亚克力板还可以分为普通板,抗�}板,抗紫外板,阻燃板以及高耐磨板等等。

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